Spiral Galaxy

The Scale of the Universe
The Future

If the life of the Universe from the Big Bang to the Present was condensed into a single year,
what does the future hold?


The Future

This table shows a number of events in the future history of the Universe and the Earth. This time scale is based on the calendar year representing the time from the Big Bang to the Present. On this scale one calendar year is assumed to be equivalent to 15,000,000,000 real years.

Length of Day increases by 1 second 1st January at 00:01:45
Constellations no longer recognisable 1st January at 00:03:30
East Africa splits off after Great Rift Valley flooded 1st January at 05:50
Mediterranean Sea closes 2nd January at 04:12
The Sun (and Earth) will have completed an orbit around the Galactic centre 6th January
The Moon will be too far from the Earth to cause a Total Eclipse of the Sun 14th January
Because of increase in Sun's luminosity, plate tectonics slows and stops
This lowers atmospheric carbon dioxide to the point where photosynthesis stops
Most higher plants die
14th January
Atmospheric carbon dioxide falls to a level that kills all multi-cellular life 19th January
The Sun's luminosity increases by 10%
A wet green house effect causes the evaporation of the Earth's oceans
24th January
All non-bacteriological life extinct 1st February
Earth's liquid core solidifies shutting down the magnetic field 25th February
Earth's surface temperature reaches 147 degrees killing all life 9th March
The Moon's distance from the Earth has increased to the point where the Earth's axial tilt becomes chaotic 14th March
Earth's surface conditions comparable to Venus now 26th March
Andromeda Galaxy collides with our Galaxy - no effect on the Earth 7th April
Sun begins to expand into a Red Giant star becoming hundreds of times more luminous 11th May
Sun reaches its maximum size as a Red Giant and swallows the Earth 11th July
Sun becomes a tiny White Dwarf star after shedding much of its mass 13th July
Sun cools to the point where it is no longer emitting light 16th December
The expansion of the Universe places all galaxies outside the Local Group beyond observation 6 years 7 months
The 47 galaxies of the Local Group coalesce into one large galaxy 30 years
Star formation ends as galactic gas depleted 650 years
All stars are non-energy producing remnants 8000 years
The Sun will have cooled to 5 degrees above Absolute Zero 65000 years

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KryssTal Related Page


How humanity came from Creation Myths to the Inflationary Big Bang. The key stages in our understanding of our place in the cosmos and the people behind them.

This looks at the history of inventions and the various civilisations of the world.


External Link

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The Official Superstring Web Site
An excellent site containing information about superstrings and cosmology.

Secret Worlds: The Universe Within
A series of images from outside the Galaxy to the quarks within the nucleaus of an atom.

Sizes of Planets and Stars
Scale models of the planets, Sun and stars.


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